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Anti – Mullerian Hormone

Anti – Mullerian Hormone

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a protein hormone produced by granulosa cells in ovarian follicles. It serves as a key marker in assessing ovarian reserve and fertility potential in women.


  1. Function:
    • AMH plays a crucial role in the development of primary ovarian follicles, which are the structures that contain and release eggs during ovulation.
    • It helps regulate the growth and development of these follicles.
  2. Assessment of Ovarian Reserve:
    • AMH levels provide an estimate of a woman's remaining egg supply.
    • High AMH levels generally indicate a good ovarian reserve, while low levels suggest a diminished ovarian reserve.
  3. Fertility Evaluation:
    • AMH testing is a vital component in fertility assessments, particularly for women considering assisted reproductive technologies (ART) like IVF.
    • It helps predict response to ovarian stimulation and the likelihood of success in fertility treatments.
  4. Age and AMH Levels:
    • AMH levels naturally decline with age, reflecting the gradual reduction in the number of viable eggs.
    • Testing can help assess fertility potential at different stages of a woman's reproductive life.
  5. Diagnosis of Ovarian Conditions:
    • Abnormal AMH levels can indicate conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (often high levels) or premature ovarian insufficiency (low levels).
  6. Menstrual Cycle Independence:
    • Unlike other hormonal tests, AMH levels remain relatively stable throughout the menstrual cycle, providing a consistent and reliable measure of ovarian reserve.

Importance of AMH Testing:
  • Personalized Treatment: Guides fertility specialists in tailoring treatment plans for individuals based on their ovarian reserve.
  • Early Intervention: Helps identify women at risk of reduced fertility early, allowing for proactive management and treatment strategies.
  • Reproductive Planning: Assists women in making informed decisions about family planning and reproductive health.

AMH testing is a valuable tool in reproductive medicine, offering crucial insights into ovarian health and fertility potential.